　　[[email protected] ~] # ifconfig -a bond 0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08 : 94 :ef : 5 e: ae:72 inet addr: 192.168. 10.20 bcast: 192.168. 10.255 mask: 255.255. 255.0 inet6 addr:fe80:: a94: efff: fe5e:ae72/ 64 scope:link up broadcast running master multicast mtu: 1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 75582 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0frame: 0 tx packets: 58537 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0 collisions: 0txqueuelen: 0 rx bytes: 5890233 ( 5.6 mib) tx bytes: 4390537 ( 4.1 mib) lo link encap:local loopback inet addr: 127.0. 0. 1 mask: 255.0. 0. 0 inet6 addr: : : 1/ 128scope:host up loopback running mtu: 65536 metric: 1 rx packets: 26 errors: 0dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 26 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 0 rx bytes: 1983 ( 1.9 kib) tx bytes: 1983 ( 1.9 kib) usb 0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 0 a: 94 :ef : 5 e: ae: 79 broadcast multicast mtu: 1500metric: 1 rx packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 0 errors: 0dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0 collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 1000 rx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b) tx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b)

　　之前的网卡设备和bond绑定的配置信息都还在(bond绑定网卡操作：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/7966511.html)

　　[[email protected] ~] # cd /etc/sysconfig/network-s/ [[email protected] network-s] # ls ifcfg-bond0 ifcfg-lo ifdown-ib ifdown-ppp ifup-aliases ifup-ipv6 ifup-ppp init.ipv6- global ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-usb0 ifdown-ippp ifdown-routes ifup-bnep ifup-isdn ifup-routes net.hotplug ifcfg-eth1 ifdown ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-sit ifup-eth ifup-plip ifup-sit network-functions ifcfg-eth2 ifdown-bnep ifdown-isdn ifdown-tunnel ifup-ib ifup-plusb ifup-tunnel network-functions-ipv6 ifcfg-eth3 ifdown-eth ifdown-post ifup ifup-ippp ifup-post ifup-wireless [[email protected] ~] # /etc/init.d/network restart ......

　　报错说没有发现eth0和eth1网卡

　　[[email protected] ~] # ipdown eth0

　　报错提示说没有发现eth0网卡

　　2)产生原因

　　这是因为服务器更换了主板或网卡，mac地址改变所导致的。系统加载网卡驱动后会去读一个文件(即/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules)，这个文件是一个缓冲文件，包含了网卡的mac地址，因为更换了主板，网卡的mac地址也变了，但是这个文件的mac地址还没变，还是之前坏了的主板的上面的网卡的mac地址，这样系统在加载网卡，读取这个文件的时候读取的是之前网卡的mac地址，和现在更换后主板后的网卡mac地址不一致导致混乱，所以就识别不了当前网卡;

　　3)解决办法

　　一般来说，删除/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件(或者把这个文件重新命名)，重启服务器就可以解决了，重启后会重新生成这个文件，这样就顺利解决这个问题了!这里注意下，由于这台服务器绑定了网卡，所以重启网卡后，还需要进行modprobe命令使得网卡绑定生效，大致步骤如下：

　　# mv /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules.bak20180307 # init 6

　　重启服务器后，查看/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件，发现没有eth0、eth1、eth3、eth4的网卡信息(mac和设备名称)

　　[[email protected] network-s] # cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules # this file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules # program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file. # # you can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single # line, and change only the value of the name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "****", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*" # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "****", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*" # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "****", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*" # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "****", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*"

　　然后重启网卡等操作

　　[[email protected] ~] # modprobe bonding [[email protected] ~] # /etc/init.d/network restart[[email protected] ~] # modprobe bonding 接着ifconfig查看，发现eth 0、eth1、eth2、eth3网卡设备都能识别了 [[email protected] ~] # ifconfig -a bond 0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08 : 94:ef : 5 e: ae: 72 inet addr: 192.168. 10.20 bcast: 192.168. 10.255 mask: 255.255. 255.0inet6 addr: fe80:: a94: efff: fe5e:ae72/ 64 scope:link up broadcast running master multicast mtu: 1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 108809 errors: 0 dropped: 0overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 84207 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 0 rx bytes: 8471111 ( 8.0 mib) tx bytes: 6322341 ( 6.0 mib) eth 0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08 : 94 :ef : 5 e: ae: 72 up broadcast running slave multicast mtu: 1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 38051 errors: 0 dropped: 0overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 14301 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 1000 rx bytes: 2869726 ( 2.7 mib) tx bytes: 944276 ( 922.1kib) interrupt: 16 eth1 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08 : 94 :ef : 5 e: ae: 72 up broadcast running slave multicast mtu: 1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 69158errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 68615 errors: 0 dropped: 0overruns: 0 carrier: 0 collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 1000 rx bytes: 5469647 ( 5.2 mib) tx bytes: 5279012 ( 5.0 mib) interrupt: 17 eth2 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08 : 94 :ef : 5e: ae: 74 broadcast multicast mtu: 1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 0 errors: 0dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 1000 rx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b) tx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b) interrupt: 16 eth3 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08 : 94 :ef : 5 e: ae: 75 broadcast multicast mtu:1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 0errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0 collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 1000 rx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0b) tx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b) interrupt: 17 lo link encap:local loopback inet addr: 127.0. 0. 1mask: 255.0. 0. 0 inet6 addr: : : 1/ 128 scope:host up loopback running mtu:65536 metric: 1 rx packets: 26 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 26errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0 collisions: 0 txqueuelen: 0 rx bytes: 1983 ( 1.9kib) tx bytes: 1983 ( 1.9 kib) usb 0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 0 a: 94 :ef : 5 e: ae:79 broadcast multicast mtu: 1500 metric: 1 rx packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0overruns: 0 frame: 0 tx packets: 0 errors: 0 dropped: 0 overruns: 0 carrier: 0 collisions: 0txqueuelen: 1000 rx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b) tx bytes: 0 ( 0. 0 b)

　　在查看/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件，发现eth0、eth1、eth2、eth3网卡及其mac地址信息都有了

　　[[email protected] ~] # cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules # this file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules # program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file. # # you can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single# line, and change only the value of the name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. _cke_saved_name= key. # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3)subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "08:94:ef:5e:ae:75", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*", name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" _cke_saved_name= "eth3" # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "08:94:ef:5e:ae:72", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*", name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" _cke_saved_name= "eth0" # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "08:94:ef:5e:ae:73", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*", name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" _cke_saved_name= "eth1" # pci device 0x14e4:0x1657 (tg3) subsystem== "net", action== "add", drivers== "?*", attr{address}== "08:94:ef:5e:ae:74", attr{type}== "1", kernel== "eth*", name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2" _cke_saved_name= "eth2"

　　接着尝试ping其他机器

　　[[email protected] ~] # ping 192.168.10.23 ping 192.168 .10 .23 ( 192.168 .10 .23) 56( 84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168 .10 .23: icmp_seq= 1 ttl= 64 time= 0.030 ms 64bytes from 192.168 .10 .23: icmp_seq= 2 ttl= 64 time= 0.016 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.10 .23: icmp_seq= 3 ttl= 64 time= 0.016 ms

　　如果ping不通的话，多执行下面命令

　　[[email protected] ~] # modprobe bonding

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